anonymization.Process by which data is processed in such a way that it is not possible to relate it to the identity of a person or their personal data. Despite these processes, it is possible to perform technical and scientific analyzes on that data set. For compliance with anonymization standards, the data must be stripped of sufficient elements so that the data subject can no longer be identified, and therefore these data must be processed so that it is not possible to identify a person through the use of all reasonable means to be used by any other person. 

Authentication.Authentication is a process that confirms a person's identity in the digital world. For this, the user is related to one or more variables such as passwords, tokens, identification cards, fingerprints or biometric characteristics. These factors are classified into three types: known, object and biometric. Some systems also require specific actions for more secure authentication.

Multifactor Authentication. Single-factor authentication systems, like passwords, are easy to manage but also more vulnerable due to users' choice of passwords. On the other hand, biometric systems are more secure, but they run the risk of being irreversible and linked to a person's anatomy. For the best security and convenience, the current trend is to use two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) systems. Multi-factor authentication is an authentication system that requires the presence of several different factors to verify a person's identity. These factors include information known to the user (such as a password), objects in the user's possession (such as a token or ID card), and biometric characteristics (such as fingerprints or facial recognition). The combination of these factors provides additional security against unauthorized access to protected information or resources.

Authorization. It consists of the security process to determine what actions or services can be performed according to the identity of the users.

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Biometrics. Application of statistical methods and calculation in the study of biological phenomena. In security it is used as a means to identify, authenticate and control access through measurable human biological data. There are various levels of biometric security with biological measurements (DNA and blood); morphological ones that involve the structure of the body (shape of the face, eyes, etc) and behavioral ones, those based on actions or patterns such as the tone of the voice or the way of moving. Biometric data is unique to each individual and is one of the best identity confirmation tools. By the way,  the term biometrics comes from two Greek words: BIOS(life) and _cc781905-5cde- 3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_METRON (measured).

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Behavioral Biometrics. This is biometrics based on own actions or behaviors associated with a person. This includes typing pattern (formerly known as keystroke dynamics), tone of voice, use of social media, intensity of heartbeat, and even gait.

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cybercrime. It is any crime that involves computing devices and networks for carrying out illegal activities. More in detail,   is usually used to talk about those activities directed against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer systems and networks, as well as the data stored in them.

Confidentiality. It is the protection of information and the guarantee that the stored and transmitted data will not be disclosed to unauthorized third parties. In the digital age, confidentiality is strengthened through the use of cryptography to ensure data privacy.

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Deduplication.Mechanisms used to detect duplicate identities and ensure the  uniqueness of people within a system or organization. The tools used in these processes generally include biometric recognition, biographical data, and the use of credentials.

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Availability.It is the guarantee that a company's IT infrastructure has adequate recovery and protection capacity against system failures, natural disasters or malicious attacks. It is the ability to access and use resources, be it a computer network, a system, an application or data, allowing its use to authorized persons.

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Face Match. Facial recognition or face matching system through which a user uses his biometric characteristics (his face) to authenticate his identity. This is one of the most used systems thanks to the popularization of smartphones and is frequently associated with the use of mobile applications (apps) and web platforms as a mechanism to keep accounts or transactions safe and secure.

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Authorized source.Repository, system, or database that contains information about an individual's attributes and is considered to be the primary or most reliable source for this information. When two or more  identification systems present a conflict in their data, the authorized source is used as the most secure source of information in this regard.

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Identity.It is the set of characteristics of an individual, or of a community, that characterize them from others. In security it is used to talk about individuals and the attributes that make them unique. These variables include physical characteristics, personal history, beliefs, cultural, national, and gender factors, among other variables.
 
Digital identity.Just as there is a physical identity, there is also a digital version made up of the unique attributes of each individual   that are captured,  validated or _cc781905-5cde-3194-bb3b -136bad5cf58d_stored  by digital means.

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ID.Process of determining or recognizing the identity of someone or something. In the physical world, it is done through identity documents issued by governments. In the digital world, identification is a key process to confirm the identity of an online user. This process includes the registration of attributes and the issuance of credentials to facilitate the subsequent authentication process.

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Biometric Identification.It is the process of determining the identity of a person through the use of biometric data  such as the shape of the face, the fingerprint or the pattern of walking, among other possibilities.  This information is then compared with a database to verify the identity of said user. 

Despite the use of digital tools for the capture, recording and comparison of data, it must be taken into account that a biometric match is never exact and therefore a 100% match between the biometric template and the user's data will never be presented. As a consequence, margins must be established   for the acceptance of matching patterns that obey a category called biometric threshold. 

Integrity.It refers to the state and accuracy of the data involved in a process. In other words,  integrity requires that the data received must be exactly the same as the data sent. 

performance metrics.They are measurement systems used to determine the precision of the  authentication processes.  In biometrics the following stand out:

• False Acceptance Rate (FAR):the false acceptance rate or FAR is sometimes known as the false negative rate or FN. As its name indicates, it is related to unregistered users who, despite them, are erroneously admitted to the systems.

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• False Rejection Rate (FRR):the false rejection rate or FRR is sometimes known as the false positive rate or FP. It is the opposite case of the FAR and occurs when the system denies access to an authorized user. 

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Biometric recognition.Procedure, through the use of  technological devices, to confirm the identity of people by comparing biological and behavioral attributes.

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Face recognition.It is a way of verifying the identity of a user by comparing their facial features with a database saved in a digital format. This technology has become popular due to its ease of use and its registration process that includes the measurements of the different parts of the face. The registered data is optimized and protected by algorithms to guarantee the security of the information.

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cyber security.Cybersecurity is the combination of people, policies, processes and technologies used by a company to protect its digital assets. There are various classifications ranging from  security of the Internet of Things (IoT), to information security, among other classifications. Some of the most common threats are ransomware, malware, denial of service attacks, and  phishing. Its use has changed its motives, and sides, from its beginnings, from being a tool for extortion and industrial espionage, to the sabotage of entire nations in conflict and a tool for cyber-activists.
 
Identification system.It is about the set of practices,  equipment, technological infrastructure, software,  credentials and laws involved in the capture, management and use of personal identification data.

Digital identification system.It is a technological platform used during the life cycle of an organization's  identity. It covers from the capture, validation, storage and transfer of data, to the management of credentials, for their subsequent verification and authorization  de identities.

Error rate.Biometrics has a margin of error that is controlled through the definition of a threshold, which balances the false acceptance rate and the false rejection rate. A low threshold will increase the acceptance rate and decrease the rejection rate, which can be risky as there will be a greater chance of unauthorized persons gaining access to protected systems. Therefore, increasing the rejection rate reduces the risk of unauthorized access.

Check.For the context of information technology and security, it is defined as the process of confirming the identity of a user or process by comparing their attributes or credentials to facilitate their authorization and access to services.

Biometric verification.It is the verification process using biometric attributes for this purpose. With this objective, a capture of these variables is carried out, whose information is compared with a digitally stored biometric template.

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